A twisted pair is a pair of insulated wires twisted together. This type of cable is also called RJ-45 or Ethernet 10/100, the scheme of crimping a twisted pair with his hands told in the material.
After laying the Internet cable, it is necessary to fasten the connector on its end to be able to connect it. To do this, you need to crimp the cable with a special tool. Then you can connect it to the network card and make settings for connecting to the Internet. The material will figure out how to connect a twisted pair to the network socket and how to crimp a wire for 4 and 8 wires.
Contents
What is a Twisted Pair
The name twisted pair is derived from the fact that the cable has 8 twisted copper conductors in pairs of different colors.
The twisting is done to reduce the influence of external electromagnetic interference and mutual interference during the transmission of signals.
With a twisted-pair cable, you can create a data connection of up to 1 GB per second. To create a high-speed network it is necessary to have a cable with 8 wires, i.e. 4 twisted pairs. For this reason, it is recommended to crimp all 8 wires. But there are also cables provided for 4 wires.
Pinout Diagrams
Twisted-pair pinout involves two types of connections:
- T568A standard;
- The T568B standard.
For ease of understanding it is necessary to remember the following color pinout scheme: the first standard assumes white-orange and orange, the second - white-green and green.
More popular is the second scheme of crimping RJ45, but the formation of an internal network can crimp any of these ways.
Crimping technology
Here is the step by step procedure to crimp an 8 wire cable:
- Remove the insulation and strip the wire by 3 cm;
- Separate the wires so that they are separated from each other;
- insert the wires into the connector;
- When inserting the wires into the connector, refer to the contact group. Standard crimping methods assume a color scheme:
- white-orange;
- orange;
- white-green
- blue
- white-blue;
- green;
- white-brown;
- brown;
- After inserting all the wires according to the diagram, it is necessary to check that they are inserted up to the stop. Next, if correctly connected, crimp the Internet cable;
- The cable with a bare 3-centimeter end is trimmed, so that it is securely fixed in a fixed position;
- then the wires are inserted into the connector, and the whole is placed in the pliers. The only correct position of the connector is provided by the design, so you'll know the position to install right away. Push to insert as far as it will go, then the process is considered complete.
Straight type
Straight type crimping is used to connect a network card port to network equipment (switch or hub):
- EIA/TIA-568A: computer to switch, computer to hub;
- EIA/TIA-568B is the most popular and involves a circuit: computer - switch, computer - hub.
Cross-over type
The cross-over type assumes that two network cards are connected directly to each other according to the color scheme shown. Suitable for speeds of 100/1000 Mbps, EIA/TIA-568B and EIA/TIA-568A standards are used.
Computer to computer, switch to switch, and hub to hub.
It should be noted that when you crimp a twisted pair, you must meet a minimum bend radius (8 outer cable diameters). Strong bending can increase external noise and signal interference, and the cable sheath or shield may be destroyed.
Four-Wire Cable
Crimping a 4-wire twisted pair is similar to an 8-wire cable, the only difference is the number of wires that are used to transmit data.
Instructions on how to crimp a 4-wire cable for the Internet:
- 1,2,3 and 6 channels of the RJ45 connector are used. The first pair of wires is inserted into channels 1 and 2, the second pair is inserted into channels 3 and 6. The procedure is performed on both sides of the cable;
- Remove a few centimeters of insulation;
- untwist and straighten all wires;
- make them up by color: white-orange, orange, white-green, green;
- for the other colors, get the first and second pairs correctly into the corresponding channels indicated above;
- hold the RJ45 connector with the plastic clip down;
- then do the same at the other end of the cable.
Use these instructions to crimp the cable yourself and get maximum data rates of up to 100Mbps.
Crimping without tools
It is possible to crimp an 8-core twisted pair without special tools, but only with the following items available in every home:
- A common screwdriver is used to crimp an RJ 45 connector;
- a knife can be used to strip the twisted pair by a few centimeters;
- wire cutters for trimming wires. You can use wire cutters on pliers or scissors.
The procedure is performed in two ways:
- Direct twisted pair crimping involves the methods T568A and T568B, when the crimping of a twisted pair is performed similarly at both ends of the cable;
- Cross-circuit crimping is also possible, it is used to connect two computers without a router.
The sequence of crimping is as follows:
- strip the cable with a knife;
- straighten the wires and insert them according to the selected colors so that they do not intertwine;
- cut the wires with a wire cutter and leave about 1 cm;
- Check that the wires are laid out correctly according to the diagram and insert them into the connector, which must be held with the latch facing away from you;
- Insert the wires as far as they will go so that they are against the front wall of the connector;
- Using a screwdriver, crimp, that is, one by one press the contacts with force. The contacts should be slightly pressed into the connector housing;
- Click on the cord retainer, pushing it inward and pressing the outer insulation;
- Do the same on the other side, and then the cable crimping procedure is complete.
So, crimping a cable for the Internet for 8 or 4 cores can be done yourself at home. The main task is to connect the wires correctly, depending on the category of cable, and then perform crimping with a screwdriver or special pliers.
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